3.1 SEEPAGE ANALYSIS AND SEEPAGE BELOW HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE
SEEPAGE ANALYSIS – INTRODUCTION – HEAD, GRADIENT AND
POTENTIAL – HYDRAULIC GRADIENT – SEEPAGE PRESSURE –
UPWARD FLOW (QUICK CONDITION OR QUICK SAND) – TYPES OF
FLOW LINES – TYPES OF FLOW (DEFINITION ONLY) – TWO
DIMENSIONAL FLOW (LAPLACE EQUATION) – VELOCITY POTENTIAL –
PROPERTIES OF FLOW NET – USES OF FLOW NET – SEEPAGE BELOW
HYDRAULICS STRUCTURES – INTRODUCTION – HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
– PIPING – EXIT GRADIENT – KHOSLA’S THEORY – SEEPAGE FLOW
NETS BELOW HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES.
3.2 BEARING CAPACITY AND SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATION
BEARING CAPACITY – INTRODUCTION – TERMINOLOGY – FACTORS
AFFECTING BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS – METHODS OF DETERRING
BEARING CAPACITY – TYPES OF FAILURE IN SOIL – GENERAL , LOCAL
AND PUNCHING SHEAR FAILURE – ANALYTICAL METHODS RANKINE
ANALYSIS – TERZAGHI’S ANALYSIS – ASSUMPTION AND LIMITATIONS –
EFFECT OF WATER TABLE – METHODS OF IMPROVING BEARING
CAPACITY OF SOIL – SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATION – INTRODUCTION –
CAUSES AND EFFECT OF SETTLEMENT – PLATE LOAD TEST – SIMPLE
PROBLEMS.