MODIFY COMMANDS- ERASE – COPY, MIRROR, OFFSET, ARRAY, MOVE, 
ROTATE, SCALE, STRETCH, LENGTHEN, TRIM, EXTEND, BREAK, 
CHAMFER, FILLET, EXPLODE, PEDIT. 
OBJECT SNAP METHODS, DIMENSIONS COMMANDS. 
OTHER USEFUL COMMANDS- ZOOM, PLOT, LTYPE, BLOCK, INSERT, AND 
DIVIDE. 
CONSTRUCTIONS OF CONIC SECTIONS. (MANUAL DRAFTING AND 
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING) 
CONIC SECTION: CONE – CONIC SECTIONS- DEFINITION OF LOCUS, 
FOCUS, DIRECTRIX, AXIS, VERTEX AND ECCENTRICITY- DEFINITION: 
ELLIPSE AND PARABOLA 
ELLIPSE: CONSTRUCTION OF ELLIPSE BY CONCENTRIC CIRCLE 
METHOD, RECTANGULAR METHOD AND ECCENTRICITY METHOD WITH 
TANGENT AND NORMAL WHEN FOCUS AND DIRECTRIX ARE GIVEN – 
EXERCISES. 
PARABOLA: CONSTRUCTION OF PARABOLA BY RECTANGULAR METHOD, 
PARALLELOGRAM METHOD AND ECCENTRICITY METHOD WITH TANGENT 
AND NORMAL WHEN FOCUS AND DIRECTRIX ARE GIVEN – EXERCISES 
CONSTRUCTIONS OF SPECIAL CURVES. (MANUAL DRAFTING ) 
SPECIAL CURVES: DEFINITION – CONSTRUCTIONS OF CYCLOID – 
EPICYCLOID – HYPOCYCLOID – EXERCISES. 
INVOLUTES OF A CIRCLE – ARCHIMEDEAN SPIRAL – HELIX – 
EXERCISES