3.1 BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES DURING EARTHQUAKES
CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDINGS AFFECTING THEIR BEHAVIOR –
SYMMETRY, REGULARITY, STIFFNESS, FLEXIBILITY, STRENGTH TIME
PERIOD, DAMPING, DUCTILITY, MATERIALS AND METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTION – DUCTILE, BRITTLE AND FATIGUE FRACTURES –
BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURES ON SLOPED GROUND – BEHAVIOUR OF
STRUCTURES WITH LOAD BEARING WALLS – BRICK / STONE
/MUD MASONRY – LARGE INERTIA FORCES DUE TO HEAVY WEIGHT,
VERY LOW TENSILE / SHEAR STRENGTHS AND BRITTLENESS OF
WALLS, STRESS CONCENTRATION AT CORNERS OF OPENINGS,
4.1 CONCEPTS OF DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTING
BUILDINGS
EARTHQUAKE PROOF BUILDING – EARTHQUAKE RESISTING BUILDING –
ACCEPTABLE DAMAGES TO BUILDING ELEMENTS UNDER MINOR AND
FREQUENT EARTH QUAKES, MODERATE AND OCCASIONAL
EARTHQUAKES, AND STRONG BUT RARE EARTH QUAKES – GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS OF STRUCTURES FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE AND
STRUCTURAL SAFETY – CONCEPTS OF DUCTILITY, DEFORMABILITY AND
DAMAGEABILITY – CONCEPT OF BASE ISOLATION – DUCTILE